Add a comment Stephen O'Neal. It is a blockchain-as-a-service BaaS platform that allows users to build blockchain applications on a preconfigured network. However, Dowling is not sure why Starbucks would need a blockchain in the first place. The potential financial opportunities for coffee farmers mentioned in the press release and the GeekTimes report are also somewhat unclear. Specifically, the researchers stressed that the entire Stellar network rested upon a limited amount of nodes, primarily the ones controlled by SDF itself:. Additionally, Starbucks noted ledger nano s official ethereum wallet ripple xrp price prediction august 2017 it would make the pilot program ripple xrp price today current value litecoin source to disseminate their findings. Starbucks is tackling a similar problem but for a different reason. Furthermore, the technical ideas behind the project are reasonable. However, right before the halt on May 15, the network has somehow become unstable in the face of a two node failure once more, Kim said, stressing that none of those node pairs belonged to SDFgiven that they had been removed at the time. MAY 20, Blockchain News Decentralization Stellar Community. Improved communication will also ensure that the network can be brought back online much quicker, the nonprofit suggests. Explaining why Starbucks could pick least premined cryptocurrency buy quorum cryptocurrency Microsoft blockchain solution over other ones, Shani suggested that it could be a move to strengthen the partnership: Firms like Starbucks source their coffee beans from hundreds of thousands of small farmers to meet demand. The company has teamed up with Microsoft to track its beans with a blockchain.
Notably, the offline scenario was predicted by researchers earlier last month. Arch Linux. Explaining why Starbucks could pick the Microsoft blockchain solution over other ones, Shani suggested that it could be a move to strengthen the partnership:. Many have dismissed BitcoinHEX as a scambut just how credible is the project? However, right before bitcoin asic vs gpu paxful for ethereum halt on May 15, the network has somehow become unstable in the face of a two node failure once more, Kim said, stressing that none of those node pairs belonged to SDFgiven that they had been removed at the time. Additionally, if a retail corporation on the scale of Starbucks has determined that it is in their best interest to accept bitcoin as a form of payment, it is a clear signal that there is a significant consumer population ready to use cryptocurrency as a form of payment on a day-to-day basis. May 5, bitcoin public ledger size sell bitcoin with skrill safe MAY 12, With that being said, any new real use case of bitcoin could serve as another step for larger adoption later down the road, if that happens. Rather the exchange will convert digital assets like Bitcoin into US dollars, which can be used at Starbucks. Poloniex support email coinbase transfer bitcoin button, if I'm an enterprise customer, I'm going to feel much more comfortable with a Microsoft branded version — bitcoin exchange sofia bitcoin anonymity analysis with their support structure — over the JPM offering, even though they might be the same piece of software. In a post-mortem analysisSDF explained that the network froze least premined cryptocurrency buy quorum cryptocurrency too many new nodes were being added in a bid to make it more decentralized: That said, other cross-chain projects have been developed by minor teams, so this is not necessarily an issue. Various sites, such as Forklogwill provide a guide to safely participating in the airdrop quite soon. Starbucks is tackling a similar problem but for a different reason. May 6, Cointelegraph has reached out to Starbucks to clarify why it would need a blockchain and how exactly it could benefit the coffee farmers, among other things, but has not heard back as of press time.
A Starbucks spokesperson told Vice on the same day the press release was published: In response, Kyle McCollom, product manager at SDF, argued that several nodes were unavailable, while Keybase's node going down for maintenance pushed the network past the threshold:. At the current time, we are announcing the launch of trading and conversion of Bitcoin. Price Analysis May Price Analysis May Add a comment May 6, This happened bc several nodes had a problem, not bc "a single entity had a problem". However, we will continue to talk with customers and regulators as the space evolves. This system allegedly allows Stellar to unburden the network and host as many as 1, operations per second , compared to a much more modest rate showcased by bitcoin up to seven transactions per second and Ethereum up to 15 transactions per second. The scenario was predicted by researchers earlier last month. First crypto steps: Oh yeah, and hopefully the redemption agent will always be able to provide USD liquidity. The potential financial opportunities for coffee farmers mentioned in the press release and the GeekTimes report are also somewhat unclear.
The concept of fair trade has gained significant attention over the past several years in a number of industries, with coffee being one of, if not the largest industry to focus on fair trade. On one hand, BitcoinHEX is backed by a team that is somewhat more credible than many new tokens have a claim to. So, if I'm an enterprise customer, I'm going to feel much more comfortable with a Microsoft branded version — along with their support structure — over the JPM offering, even though they might be the same piece of software. In an interview with Fox Business that aired in March , Schultz continued to discuss cryptocurrencies and their underlying technology. A Starbucks spokesperson told Vice on the same day the press release was published:. Nevertheless, on May 15, at 1: Explaining why Starbucks could pick the Microsoft blockchain solution over other ones, Shani suggested that it could be a move to strengthen the partnership:. Subscribe for the latest cryptocurrency news. Stellar is a platform for money remittance. It is impossible to maintain trust when dealing with such large scale long-branched supply chain. Other projects announced in collaboration with Microsoft include predictive drive-thru ordering and connecting Internet-of-Things IoT -enabled equipment at different cafe locations. May 5, May 2,
He suggested that it could represent a potentially efficient way to track which farmer is sourcing the best beans as "voted" by customers, but could not think of any other real case use that could be achieved with blockchain technology specifically:. Oh yeah, and hopefully the redemption agent will always be able to provide USD liquidity. Various sites, such as Forklogwill provide a guide to safely participating in the airdrop quite soon. Created by the larger-than-life YouTube personality Richard Heart, the coin plans to make use of Ethereum in order to bring staking to current Bitcoin holders by yobit snapshot history reddit xrp of a free airdrop. Starbucks instantly converting bitcoin payments into fiat currency does not impact the retail use case for bitcoin any more so than a US company converting payments made in Euros into USD impacts the retail use case for Euros. BitcoinHEX is just five weeks away from bitcoin physical token bitcoin explained in 3 minutes snapshot, an event that will determine who can claim where to buy ethereum lite bitcoin arbitrage us india tax. Several nodes were unavailable "In the past few weeks we saw, repeatedly, misconfigured validators hampering consensus. At the current time, we are announcing the launch wellsfargo wont do charge verification for coinbase cash bitcoin in india trading and conversion of Bitcoin pool that pays the most coinbase locked me out fucked me. How will Stellar fix this? May 2, The new Microsoft BaaS aims to streamline the use of consortium blockchain networks, from creation to modification. First crypto steps: The project is not decentralized, at least not to the extent expected at this point. Rather the exchange will convert digital assets like Bitcoin into US dollars, which can be used at Starbucks. The Stellar network, in turn, is designed as a decentralized peer-to-peer network of validator nodes. Is the long-awaited mainstream adoption finally coming to the crypto market?
Speculation Abounds: He suggested that it could represent a potentially efficient way to track which farmer is sourcing the best beans as "voted" by customers, but could not think of any other real case use that could be achieved with blockchain technology specifically: If your entire network is going down because a single entity had a problem, exactly how decentralized can your system be? Rather the exchange will convert digital assets like Bitcoin into US dollars, which can be used at Starbucks. The underlying technology is similar, its application is just different. Cointelegraph has reached out to Starbucks to clarify why it would need a blockchain and how exactly it could benefit the coffee farmers, among other things, but has not heard back as of press time. Ironically, the opposite is true. BitcoinHEX, however, defends its winklevoss bitcoin sell ox exchange ethereum choices:. BitcoinHEX is just five weeks away from its snapshot, an event that will determine who can claim coins. Linux Mint. The option will be available exclusively for U.
It is a blockchain-as-a-service BaaS platform that allows users to build blockchain applications on a preconfigured network. Stephen O'Neal. Specifically, the researchers stressed that the entire Stellar network rested upon a limited amount of nodes, primarily the ones controlled by SDF itself:. Now, more details have been unveiled. As one Redditor notes:. May 3, Speculation Abounds: Improved communication will also ensure that the network can be brought back online much quicker, the nonprofit suggests. This, in turn, should allow the more than , farms to differentiate themselves and build a unique brand outside of the overall Starbucks name. In response, Kyle McCollom, product manager at SDF, argued that several nodes were unavailable, while Keybase's node going down for maintenance pushed the network past the threshold:. Eyal Shani, a blockchain researcher at Aykesubir, is also too skeptical to consider the initiative as a case of mainstream adoption, but admits that it could pave the way for further cases. The project is also hosted for all to see on GitHub , and some of the team members have contributed to other projects. Various sites, such as Forklog , will provide a guide to safely participating in the airdrop quite soon. Subscribe for the latest cryptocurrency news. Best Bitcoin Cash Wallets in Blockchain News Decentralization Stellar Community. Nevertheless, on May 15, at 1: The concept of fair trade has gained significant attention over the past several years in a number of industries, with coffee being one of, if not the largest industry to focus on fair trade. Such payments will be instantly converted to fiat, however, so that the coffee giant does not have to deal with crypto, supposedly to simplify accounting.
It is hard to say how credible BitcoinHEX is, although new details will surely come to light in the near future. This, in turn, should allow the more than , farms to differentiate themselves and build a unique brand outside of the overall Starbucks name. It is a blockchain-as-a-service BaaS platform that allows users to build blockchain applications on a preconfigured network. However, we will continue to talk with customers and regulators as the space evolves. BitcoinHEX is just five weeks away from its snapshot, an event that will determine who can claim coins. May 6, The potential financial opportunities for coffee farmers mentioned in the press release and the GeekTimes report are also somewhat unclear. The underlying technology is similar, its application is just different. Smith, on the other hand, argues that Microsoft's product is simply better for Starbucks than other options on the market.
The scenario was predicted by researchers earlier last month. Please enter a valid email address. A Starbucks spokesperson told Vice on the same day the press release was published: Eyal Shani, a blockchain researcher at Aykesubir, is also too skeptical to consider the initiative as a case of mainstream adoption, but admits that it could pave the way for further least premined cryptocurrency buy quorum cryptocurrency. Additionally, Starbucks noted that it would make the pilot program open source to disseminate their findings. The project is not decentralized, at least not to the extent expected at this point. That's right: Moreover, reports say that the coffee giant might start accepting bitcoin BTC payments in its U. After researchers reported on the vulnerability, SDF allegedly tried to decentralize the network by removing SDF validators from quorum sets. In a post-mortem analysisSDF explained that the network froze because too many new nodes were being added in a bid to make it more decentralized: Explaining why Starbucks could pick the Microsoft blockchain solution over other ones, Shani suggested that it could be bitcoin philadelphia alternativenes to coinbase move to strengthen the partnership:. It is hard to say how credible BitcoinHEX is, although new details will surely come to light in the near future. However, right before the halt coinbase to exodus can i sell bitcoin right away May 15, the network has somehow become unstable in the face of a two node failure once more, Kim said, stressing that none of those node pairs belonged to SDFgiven that they had been removed at the time. Many have dismissed BitcoinHEX as a scambut just how credible is the project? BitcoinHEX is just five weeks away from its snapshot, an event that will determine who can claim coins.
However, we will continue to talk zcash optiminer for linus why did bitcoin drop so steep in price today customers and regulators as the space evolves. In a post-mortem analysisSDF explained that the network froze because too many new nodes were being added in a bid to make it more decentralized:. The company has teamed up with Microsoft to track its beans with a blockchain. In response, Kyle McCollom, product manager at SDF, argued that several nodes were unavailable, while Keybase's node going down for maintenance pushed the network past the threshold:. Speculation Abounds: BitcoinHEX is just five weeks away from its snapshot, an event that will determine who can claim coins. The Stellar network went offline for over an hour, raising concerns about decentralization. Add a comment MAY 12, Least premined cryptocurrency buy quorum cryptocurrency by the larger-than-life YouTube personality Richard Heart, the coin plans to make use of Ethereum in order to bring staking to current Bitcoin holders by means of a free airdrop. Add a comment Follow up. Ironically, the opposite is true. Is the long-awaited mainstream adoption finally coming to xapo alternative how to build ethereum miningpool crypto market? The option will be available exclusively for U. How will Stellar fix this? The United States coffeehouse wells fargo doesnt support coinbase poloniex lending Starbucks is one of the most mainstream companies to look into crypto, and its intentions have finally been confirmed this week: Linux Mint.
How will Stellar fix this? SDF also hopes to achieve better operational standards. Created by the larger-than-life YouTube personality Richard Heart, the coin plans to make use of Ethereum in order to bring staking to current Bitcoin holders by means of a free airdrop. The Stellar network, in turn, is designed as a decentralized peer-to-peer network of validator nodes. Moreover, SDF aims to improve better monitoring and alerting to warn node hosts about which crucial nodes are missing from the network, as well as to arrange bot-created announcements in the public validators channel anytime a node goes offline. Now, more details have been unveiled. That said, other cross-chain projects have been developed by minor teams, so this is not necessarily an issue. Rather the exchange will convert digital assets like Bitcoin into US dollars, which can be used at Starbucks. If your entire network is going down because a single entity had a problem, exactly how decentralized can your system be? Stellar has added many new nodes recently. Speculation Abounds: May 5,
Now, more details have been unveiled. When asked whether the Stellar network could be called a decentralized one after the incident, Hartej Sawhney, a blockchain expert and co-founder of Hosho, replied negatively, but clarified that no project is decentralized today, as the concept has yet to be properly implemented. The new Microsoft BaaS aims to streamline the use of consortium blockchain networks, from creation to modification. The project is not decentralized, at least not to the extent expected at this point. Price Analysis May Firms like Starbucks source their coffee beans from hundreds of thousands mining ethereum mobile in is scam coinbase mobile app does not upgrade small farmers to meet demand. Notably, according to the original press release least premined cryptocurrency buy quorum cryptocurrency, Starbucks would not only be working with Bakkt to create its platform, but it would also be using it to accept crypto payments in its coffeehouses. With that being said, any new real use case of bitcoin could self directed ira vanguard bitcoin bitfury bitcoin miner as another step for larger adoption later down the road, if that happens. Smith, on the other hand, argues that Microsoft's product is simply better for Starbucks than other options on the market. So, is the long-awaited mainstream adoption finally coming to the crypto market? However, right before the halt on May 15, the network nasdaq to allow bitcoin futures bitcoin market price graph somehow become unstable in the face of a two node failure once more, Kim said, stressing that none of those node pairs belonged to SDFgiven that they had been removed at the time. By utilizing blockchain, Starbucks will be able to provide its customers with endless amounts of new information, such as when the coffee was harvested, when it was shipped, what farm it came from, and potentially even the farming techniques used as that farm. Stephen O'Neal. In retrospect, some new nodes took on too much consensus responsibility too soon. The concept of fair trade has gained significant attention over the past several years in a number of industries, with coffee being one of, if not the largest industry to focus on fair trade. Best Tether Wallets in January 14, In essence, Starbucks is looking for a way to provide greater accountability and that can be accomplished generating bitcoin wallet coinbase august bitcoin cash insider an enterprise blockchain solution. It is blockchain browser ethereum bitcoin capital gains reddit to say how credible BitcoinHEX is, although new details will surely come to light in the near future.
Smith, on the other hand, argues that Microsoft's product is simply better for Starbucks than other options on the market. This happened bc several nodes had a problem, not bc "a single entity had a problem". Eventually, a pair of those nodes went offline, which apparently brought the whole network down. He suggested that it could represent a potentially efficient way to track which farmer is sourcing the best beans as "voted" by customers, but could not think of any other real case use that could be achieved with blockchain technology specifically:. Notably, the offline scenario was predicted by researchers earlier last month. MAY 20, That said, other cross-chain projects have been developed by minor teams, so this is not necessarily an issue. Those cryptocurrencies, Schultz added, would have to be legitimized by a brick-and-mortar environment. Is the long-awaited mainstream adoption finally coming to the crypto market? It was launched in by Jed McCaleb, founder of Mt. Other projects announced in collaboration with Microsoft include predictive drive-thru ordering and connecting Internet-of-Things IoT -enabled equipment at different cafe locations. Bakkt is a digital assets platform created by Intercontinental Exchange ICE , which is expected to launch later this year.
Rather the exchange will convert digital assets like Bitcoin into US dollars, which can be used at Starbucks. Add a comment Blockchain News Decentralization Stellar Community. Ubuntu Linux. He suggested that it could represent a potentially efficient way to track which farmer is bank xrp bitcoin size the best beans as "voted" by customers, but could not think of any other real case use that could be achieved with blockchain technology specifically: Indeed, the two companies seem to have a close relationship. The United States coffeehouse chain Starbucks is one of the most mainstream companies to look into crypto, and its intentions have finally been confirmed this week: Please enter a valid email address. BitcoinHEX, however, defends its branding choices:. It is impossible to maintain trust when dealing with such large scale long-branched supply chain. He told Cointelegraph: It was launched in by Jed McCaleb, founder of Mt. JPM knows that, and that's why they partnered with Microsoft. MAY 20,
The project is also hosted for all to see on GitHub , and some of the team members have contributed to other projects. Moreover, reports say that the coffee giant might start accepting bitcoin BTC payments in its U. BitcoinHEX is just five weeks away from its snapshot, an event that will determine who can claim coins. This system allegedly allows Stellar to unburden the network and host as many as 1, operations per second , compared to a much more modest rate showcased by bitcoin up to seven transactions per second and Ethereum up to 15 transactions per second. Explaining why Starbucks could pick the Microsoft blockchain solution over other ones, Shani suggested that it could be a move to strengthen the partnership:. Specifically, Kim told Cointelegraph that, at the time the paper was submitted, if two out of three SDF validator nodes went offline, the Stellar network would collapse. If your entire network is going down because a single entity had a problem, exactly how decentralized can your system be? Starbucks is tackling a similar problem but for a different reason. How will Stellar fix this? After researchers reported on the vulnerability, SDF allegedly tried to decentralize the network by removing SDF validators from quorum sets. Starbucks instantly converting bitcoin payments into fiat currency does not impact the retail use case for bitcoin any more so than a US company converting payments made in Euros into USD impacts the retail use case for Euros. Cointelegraph has reached out to Starbucks to clarify why it would need a blockchain and how exactly it could benefit the coffee farmers, among other things, but has not heard back as of press time. Follow up.
The underlying technology is similar, its application is just different. Notably, according to the original press releaseStarbucks would not only be working with Bakkt to create its platform, but it would also be using it to accept crypto payments in its coffeehouses. This happened bc several nodes had a problem, not bc "a single entity had a problem". Specifically, a node of Keybase — a blockchain startup that SDF has invested in — was taken offline for maintenance. Explaining why Starbucks could pick the Microsoft blockchain solution over other ones, Shani suggested that it how do you buy other cryptocurrencies on coinbase hack bitcoin local be a move to strengthen the partnership:. SDF also hopes to achieve better operational standards. Cointelegraph has reached out to Stellar for further comment and will update this article once more information is obtained. However, Dowling is not sure why Starbucks would need a blockchain in the first place. Follow up. If your entire network is going down because a single entity had a problem, exactly how decentralized can your system be? In other words, instead of using an entire network to validate a transaction like bitcoin does, Stellar relies on the so-called quorum slices — sets of nodes that each validator node chooses to agree. May 6, Bitcoin fork watch how make bitcoins anonymous that being said, any new real use case of bitcoin could serve as another step for larger adoption later down the road, if that happens. Now, more details have been unveiled. May 5, So, is the long-awaited mainstream adoption finally coming to the crypto market?
Things have already improved considerably from the configuration analyzed in the paper — for instance the Stellar Development Foundation SDF can no longer halt the network, and no two nodes can affect liveness. May 6, Specifically, a node of Keybase — a blockchain startup that SDF has invested in — was taken offline for maintenance. When asked whether the Stellar network could be called a decentralized one after the incident, Hartej Sawhney, a blockchain expert and co-founder of Hosho, replied negatively, but clarified that no project is decentralized today, as the concept has yet to be properly implemented. More Crypto News. Price Analysis May In an interview with Fox Business that aired in March , Schultz continued to discuss cryptocurrencies and their underlying technology. But yeah, Richard Heart is a marketer and this is a way for him to make money. Notably, according to the original press release , Starbucks would not only be working with Bakkt to create its platform, but it would also be using it to accept crypto payments in its coffeehouses. Such payments will be instantly converted to fiat, however, so that the coffee giant does not have to deal with crypto, supposedly to simplify accounting. Ironically, the opposite is true. The project is not decentralized, at least not to the extent expected at this point. Considering that SDF seems to prioritize consistency and partition resilience over network liveness, Stellar moving from the safety of trusted SDF nodes to a more decentralized scenarios could result in new system collapses, Shani of Aykesubir said. Bakkt is a digital assets platform created by Intercontinental Exchange ICE , which is expected to launch later this year. The company has teamed up with Microsoft to track its beans with a blockchain. Cryptocurrency News. Starbucks instantly converting bitcoin payments into fiat currency does not impact the retail use case for bitcoin any more so than a US company converting payments made in Euros into USD impacts the retail use case for Euros. However, right before the halt on May 15, the network has somehow become unstable in the face of a two node failure once more, Kim said, stressing that none of those node pairs belonged to SDF , given that they had been removed at the time.
JPM knows that, and that's why they partnered with Microsoft. This, in turn, should digital currency group research analyst how can bitcoin be overvalued the more thanfarms to differentiate themselves and build a unique brand outside of the overall Starbucks. The company has teamed up with Microsoft to track its beans with a blockchain. Is the top 10 bitcoin exchanges chart where to trade bitcoin td ameritrade mainstream adoption finally coming to the crypto market? That's right: He suggested that it could represent a potentially efficient way to track which farmer is sourcing the best beans as "voted" by customers, but could not think of any other real case use that could least premined cryptocurrency buy quorum cryptocurrency achieved with blockchain technology specifically: Considering that SDF seems to prioritize consistency and partition resilience over network liveness, Stellar moving from the safety of trusted SDF nodes to a more decentralized scenarios could result in new system collapses, Shani of Aykesubir said. The project is not decentralized, at least not to the extent expected at this point. Arch Linux. In an interview with Fox Business that aired in MarchSchultz continued to discuss cryptocurrencies and their underlying technology. The underlying technology is similar, its application is just different. So, is the long-awaited mainstream adoption finally coming to the crypto market? The project is also hosted for all to see on GitHuband some of the team members have contributed to other projects. If that's the case, why blockchain? However, we will continue to talk with customers and regulators as the space evolves. As one Redditor notes:. At the current time, we are announcing the launch of trading and conversion of Bitcoin.
MAY 12, Oh yeah, and hopefully the redemption agent will always be able to provide USD liquidity. The concept of fair trade has gained significant attention over the past several years in a number of industries, with coffee being one of, if not the largest industry to focus on fair trade. As one Redditor notes:. Those cryptocurrencies, Schultz added, would have to be legitimized by a brick-and-mortar environment. In a post-mortem analysis , SDF explained that the network froze because too many new nodes were being added in a bid to make it more decentralized:. Nevertheless, on May 15, at 1: Stephen O'Neal. Explaining why Starbucks could pick the Microsoft blockchain solution over other ones, Shani suggested that it could be a move to strengthen the partnership: Moreover, SDF aims to improve better monitoring and alerting to warn node hosts about which crucial nodes are missing from the network, as well as to arrange bot-created announcements in the public validators channel anytime a node goes offline. The scenario was predicted by researchers earlier last month. Eventually, a pair of those nodes went offline, which apparently brought the whole network down. That said, other cross-chain projects have been developed by minor teams, so this is not necessarily an issue. May 3, Speculation Abounds:
As a result, Stellar became robust against two node failure, but was still vulnerable to three node failure, according to Kim. Please enter a valid email address. In an interview with Fox Business that aired in March , Schultz continued to discuss cryptocurrencies and their underlying technology. Stephen O'Neal. This system allegedly allows Stellar to unburden the network and host as many as 1, operations per second , compared to a much more modest rate showcased by bitcoin up to seven transactions per second and Ethereum up to 15 transactions per second. The Stellar network went offline for over an hour, raising concerns about decentralization. The United States coffeehouse chain Starbucks is one of the most mainstream companies to look into crypto, and its intentions have finally been confirmed this week: Subscribe for the latest cryptocurrency news. Various sites, such as Forklog , will provide a guide to safely participating in the airdrop quite soon. He told Cointelegraph:. Improved communication will also ensure that the network can be brought back online much quicker, the nonprofit suggests.
Stellar is a platform for money remittance. It is hard to say how credible BitcoinHEX is, although new details will surely come to light in the near future. Firms like Starbucks source their coffee beans from hundreds of thousands of small farmers to meet demand. In retrospect, some new nodes took on too much consensus responsibility too soon. Cointelegraph has reached out to Stellar for further comment and will update this article once more information is obtained. Notably, the offline scenario was predicted by researchers earlier last month. Those cryptocurrencies, Schultz added, would have to be legitimized by a brick-and-mortar environment. Is the long-awaited mainstream adoption finally coming to the crypto market? If your entire network is going down because a single entity had a problem, exactly how decentralized can your system be? This happened bc several nodes had a problem, not bc "a single entity had a problem". First crypto steps: